Formatting Syntax
doku>DokuWiki supports some simple markup language, which tries to make the datafiles to be as readable as possible. This page contains all possible syntax you may use when editing the pages. Simply have a look at the source of this page by pressing "Edit this page". If you want to try something, just use the playground page. The simpler markup is easily accessible via quickbuttons, too.
Basic Text Formatting
DokuWiki supports bold, //italic//, __underlined__ and monospaced texts. Of course you can __//combine//__ all these.
DokuWiki supports **bold**, //italic//, __underlined__ and
monospaced
texts.
Of course you can **__//
combine
//__** all these.
You can use ~subscript~ and ^superscript^, too.
You can use
~subscript
~and
^superscript
^, too.
You can mark something as deleted as well.
You can mark something as
deleted
as well.
Paragraphs are created from blank lines. If you want to force a newline without a paragraph, you can use two backslashes followed by a whitespace or the end of line.
This is some text with some linebreaks Note that the two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line or followed by a whitespace this happens without it.
This is some text with some linebreaks\\ Note that the
two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line\\
or followed by\\ a whitespace \\this happens without it.
You should use forced newlines only if really needed.
Links
DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links.
External
External links are recognized automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set the link text as well: This Link points to google. Email addresses like this one: <andi@splitbrain.org> are recognized, too.
DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links. External links are recognized
automagically:
http://www.google.com
or simply www.google.com - You can set
link text as well:
This`` ``Link`` ``points`` ``to`` ``google
. Email
addresses like this one: <andi@splitbrain.org> are recognized, too.
Internal
Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give a pagename or use an additional link text.
Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give
a
pagename
or use an additional
link`` ``text
.
Wiki pagenames are converted to lowercase automatically, special characters are not allowed.
You can use some:namespaces by using a colon in the pagename.
You can use
some:namespaces
by using a colon in the pagename.
For details about namespaces see doku>namespaces.
Linking to a specific section is possible, too. Just add the section name behind a hash character as known from HTML. This links to this Section.
This links to
this`` ``Section
.
Notes:
* Links to
existing`` ``pages
are shown in a different style from
nonexisting
ones.
* DokuWiki does not use
wp>CamelCase
to automatically create links by default, but this behavior can be enabled in the
doku>config
file. Hint: If DokuWiki is a link, then it's enabled.
* When a section's heading is changed, its bookmark changes, too. So don't rely on section linking too much.
Interwiki
DokuWiki supports doku>Interwiki links. These are quick links to other Wikis. For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: wp>Wiki.
DokuWiki supports
doku>Interwiki
links. These are quick links to other Wikis.
For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis:
wp>Wiki
.
Windows Shares
Windows shares like this are recognized, too. Please note that these only make sense in a homogeneous user group like a corporate wp>Intranet.
Windows Shares like
this
are recognized, too.
Notes:
* For security reasons direct browsing of windows shares only works in Microsoft Internet Explorer per default (and only in the "local zone").
* For Mozilla and Firefox it can be enabled through different workaround mentioned in the
Mozilla`` ``Knowledge`` ``Base
. However, there will still be a JavaScript warning about trying to open a Windows Share. To remove this warning (for all users), put the following line in
conf/lang/en/lang.php
(more details at
localization
): <code - conf/lang/en/lang.php>
<?php /**
* Customization of the english language file
* Copy only the strings that needs to be modified
*/
$lang['js']['nosmblinks'] = ''; ~~~
Image Links
You can also use an image to link to another internal or external page by combining the syntax for links and images (see below) like this:
Please note: The image formatting is the only formatting syntax accepted in link names.
The whole image and link syntax is supported (including image resizing, internal and external images and URLs and interwiki links).
Footnotes
You can add footnotes ((This is a footnote)) by using double parentheses.
You can add footnotes ((This is a footnote)) by using double parentheses.
Sectioning
You can use up to five different levels of headlines to structure your content. If you have more than three headlines, a table of contents is generated automatically -- this can be disabled by including the string ~~NOTOC~~ in the document.
Headline Level 3
Headline Level 4
Headline Level 5
==== Headline Level 3 ====
=== Headline Level 4 ===
== Headline Level 5 ==
By using four or more dashes, you can make a horizontal line:
Media Files
You can include external and internal images, videos and audio files with curly brackets. Optionally you can specify the size of them.
Real size:
Resize to given width:
Resize to given width and height((when the aspect ratio of the given width and height doesn't match that of the image, it will be cropped to the new ratio before resizing)):
Resized external image:
Real size:
Resize to given width:
Resize to given width and height:
Resized external image:
By using left or right whitespaces you can choose the alignment.
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}
Of course, you can add a title (displayed as a tooltip by most browsers), too.
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png |This is the caption}}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png |This is the caption}}
For linking an image to another page see #Image Links above.
Supported Media Formats
DokuWiki can embed the following media formats directly.
| Image | gif, jpg, png | | Video | webm, ogv, mp4 | | Audio | ogg, mp3, wav | | Flash | swf |
If you specify a filename that is not a supported media format, then it will be displayed as a link instead.
By adding ?linkonly you provide a link to the media without displaying it inline
This is just a link to the image.
Fallback Formats
Unfortunately not all browsers understand all video and audio formats. To mitigate the problem, you can upload your file in different formats for maximum browser compatibility.
For example consider this embedded mp4 video:
When you upload a video.webm and video.ogv next to the referenced video.mp4, DokuWiki will automatically add them as alternatives so that one of the three files is understood by your browser.
Additionally DokuWiki supports a "poster" image which will be shown before the video has started. That image needs to have the same filename as the video and be either a jpg or png file. In the example above a video.jpg file would work.
Lists
Dokuwiki supports ordered and unordered lists. To create a list item, indent your text by two spaces and use a * for unordered lists or a - for ordered ones.
* This is a list
* The second item
* You may have different levels
* Another item
- The same list but ordered
- Another item
- Just use indention for deeper levels
- That's it
* This is a list
* The second item
* You may have different levels
* Another item
- The same list but ordered
- Another item
- Just use indention for deeper levels
- That's it
2
Also take a look at the [FAQ on list items](doku>faq:lists).
4
##### Text Conversions
6
DokuWiki can convert certain pre-defined characters or strings into
7
images or other text or HTML.
9
The text to image conversion is mainly done for smileys. And the text to
10
HTML conversion is used for typography replacements, but can be
11
configured to use other HTML as well.
13
#### Text to Image Conversions
15
DokuWiki converts commonly used [wp\>emoticons](wp>emoticon)
16
to their graphical equivalents. Those
17
[doku\>Smileys](doku>Smileys) and other images can be
18
configured and extended. Here is an overview of Smileys included in
19
DokuWiki:
21
` * 8-) %% 8-) %%`\
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` * 8-O %% 8-O %%`\
23
` * :-( %% :-( %%`\
24
` * :-) %% :-) %%`\
25
` * =) %% =) %%`\
26
` * :-/ %% :-/ %%`\
27
` * :-\ %% :-\ %%`\
28
` * :-? %% :-? %%`\
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` * :-D %% :-D %%`\
30
` * :-P %% :-P %%`\
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` * :-O %% :-O %%`\
32
` * :-X %% :-X %%`\
33
` * :-| %% :-| %%`\
34
` * ;-) %% ;-) %%`\
35
` * ^_^ %% ^_^ %%`\
36
` * :?: %% :?: %%`\
37
` * :!: %% :!: %%`\
38
` * LOL %% LOL %%`\
39
` * FIXME %% FIXME %%`\
40
` * DELETEME %% DELETEME %%`
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#### Text to HTML Conversions
44
Typography: [DokuWiki](DokuWiki) can convert simple text
45
characters to their typographically correct entities. Here is an example
46
of recognized characters.
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-\> \<- \<-\> =\> \<= \<=\> \>\> \<\< \-- \-\-- 640x480 (c) (tm) (r)
49
"He thought 'It's a man's world'\..."
51
`-> <- <-> => <= <=> >> << -- --- 640x480 (c) (tm) (r)`
52
`"He thought 'It's a man's world'..."`
54
The same can be done to produce any kind of HTML, it just needs to be
55
added to the [pattern file](doku>entities).
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There are three exceptions which do not come from that pattern file:
58
multiplication entity (640x480), 'single' and "double quotes". They
59
can be turned off through a [config
60
option](doku>config:typography).
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##### Quoting
64
Some times you want to mark some text to show it's a reply or comment.
65
You can use the following syntax:
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I think we should do it
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\> No we shouldn't
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\>\> Well, I say we should
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\> Really?
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\>\> Yes!
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\>\>\> Then lets do it! ~~~
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I think we should do it
81
\> No we shouldn't
83
\>\> Well, I say we should
85
\> Really?
87
\>\> Yes!
89
\>\>\> Then lets do it!
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##### Tables
93
DokuWiki supports a simple syntax to create tables.
95
\^ Heading 1 \^ Heading 2 \^ Heading 3 \^ | Row 1 Col 1 | Row 1 Col 2
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| Row 1 Col 3 | | Row 2 Col 1 | some colspan (note the double pipe)
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|| | Row 3 Col 1 | Row 3 Col 2 | Row 3 Col 3 |
99
Table rows have to start and end with a *|* for normal rows or a *\^*
100
for headers.
102
` ^ Heading 1 ^ Heading 2 ^ Heading 3 ^`\
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` | Row 1 Col 1 | Row 1 Col 2 | Row 1 Col 3 |`\
104
` | Row 2 Col 1 | some colspan (note the double pipe) ||`\
105
` | Row 3 Col 1 | Row 3 Col 2 | Row 3 Col 3 |`
107
To connect cells horizontally, just make the next cell completely empty
108
as shown above. Be sure to have always the same amount of cell
109
separators!
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Vertical tableheaders are possible, too.
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| \^ Heading 1 \^ Heading 2 \^ \^ Heading 3 | Row 1 Col 2 | Row 1 Col
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3 | \^ Heading 4 | no colspan this time | | \^ Heading 5 | Row 2
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Col 2 | Row 2 Col 3 |
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As you can see, it's the cell separator before a cell which decides
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about the formatting:
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` | ^ Heading 1 ^ Heading 2 ^`\
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` ^ Heading 3 | Row 1 Col 2 | Row 1 Col 3 |`\
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` ^ Heading 4 | no colspan this time | |`\
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` ^ Heading 5 | Row 2 Col 2 | Row 2 Col 3 |`
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You can have rowspans (vertically connected cells) by adding *%%:::%%*
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into the cells below the one to which they should connect.
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\^ Heading 1 \^ Heading 2 \^ Heading 3 \^ | Row 1 Col 1 | this cell
129
spans vertically | Row 1 Col 3 | | Row 2 Col 1 | ::: | Row 2 Col 3
130
| | Row 3 Col 1 | ::: | Row 2 Col 3 |
132
Apart from the rowspan syntax those cells should not contain anything
133
else.
135
` ^ Heading 1 ^ Heading 2 ^ Heading 3 ^`\
136
` | Row 1 Col 1 | this cell spans vertically | Row 1 Col 3 |`\
137
` | Row 2 Col 1 | ::: | Row 2 Col 3 |`\
138
` | Row 3 Col 1 | ::: | Row 2 Col 3 |`
140
You can align the table contents, too. Just add at least two whitespaces
141
at the opposite end of your text: Add two spaces on the left to align
142
right, two spaces on the right to align left and two spaces at least at
143
both ends for centered text.
145
\^ Table with alignment \^\^\^ | right| center |left | |left |
146
right| center | | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx |
148
This is how it looks in the source:
150
` ^ Table with alignment ^^^`\
151
` | right| center |left |`\
152
` |left | right| center |`\
153
` | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx |`
155
Note: Vertical alignment is not supported.
157
##### No Formatting
159
If you need to display text exactly like it is typed (without any
160
formatting), enclose the area either with *%%%%'' tags or even
161
simpler, with double percent signs ''\%%*.
163
This is some text which contains addresses like this:
164
http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done
165
with it. The same is true for %%//\_\_this\_\_ text// with a smiley
166
;-)%%.
168
` `\
169
` This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it.`\
170
` `\
171
` The same is true for %%//__this__ text// with a smiley ;-)%%.`
173
##### Code Blocks
175
You can include code blocks into your documents by either indenting them
176
by at least two spaces (like used for the previous examples) or by using
177
the tags *%%%%* or *%%%%*.
179
` This is text is indented by two spaces.`
181
`This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like <-this`
183
This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that
184
you quoted a file.
186
Those blocks were created by this source:
188
` This is text is indented by two spaces.`
190
` `\
191
` This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like <-this`\
192
` `~~~
194
` `\
195
` This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.`\
196
` `
198
#### Syntax Highlighting
200
[wiki:DokuWiki](wiki:DokuWiki) can highlight sourcecode,
201
which makes it easier to read. It uses the
202
[GeSHi](http://qbnz.com/highlighter/) Generic Syntax
203
Highlighter \-- so any language supported by GeSHi is supported. The
204
syntax uses the same code and file blocks described in the previous
205
section, but this time the name of the language syntax to be highlighted
206
is included inside the tag, e.g. *\* or *\*.
208
/**
210
`* The HelloWorldApp class implements an application that`\
211
`* simply displays "Hello World!" to the standard output.`\
212
`*/`
214
class HelloWorldApp {
216
` public static void main(String[] args) {`\
217
` System.out.println("Hello World!"); //Display the string.`\
218
` }`
220
} ~~~
222
The following language strings are currently recognized: //4cs 6502acme
223
6502kickass 6502tasm 68000devpac abap actionscript3 actionscript ada
224
aimms algol68 apache applescript apt\_sources arm asm asp asymptote
225
autoconf autohotkey autoit avisynth awk bascomavr bash basic4gl batch bf
226
biblatex bibtex blitzbasic bnf boo caddcl cadlisp ceylon cfdg cfm
227
chaiscript chapel cil c\_loadrunner clojure c\_mac cmake cobol
228
coffeescript c cpp cpp-qt cpp-winapi csharp css cuesheet c\_winapi dart
229
dcl dcpu16 dcs delphi diff div dos dot d ecmascript eiffel email epc e
230
erlang euphoria ezt f1 falcon fo fortran freebasic freeswitch fsharp
231
gambas gdb genero genie gettext glsl gml gnuplot go groovy gwbasic
232
haskell haxe hicest hq9plus html html4strict html5 icon idl ini inno
233
intercal io ispfpanel java5 java javascript jcl j jquery julia kixtart
234
klonec klonecpp kotlin latex lb ldif lisp llvm locobasic logtalk lolcode
235
lotusformulas lotusscript lscript lsl2 lua m68k magiksf make mapbasic
236
mathematica matlab mercury metapost mirc mk-61 mmix modula2 modula3
237
mpasm mxml mysql nagios netrexx newlisp nginx nimrod nsis oberon2 objc
238
objeck ocaml-brief ocaml octave oobas oorexx oracle11 oracle8 oxygene oz
239
parasail parigp pascal pcre perl6 perl per pf phix php-brief php pic16
240
pike pixelbender pli plsql postgresql postscript povray powerbuilder
241
powershell proftpd progress prolog properties providex purebasic pycon
242
pys60 python qbasic qml q racket rails rbs rebol reg rexx robots roff
243
rpmspec rsplus ruby rust sas sass scala scheme scilab scl sdlbasic
244
smalltalk smarty spark sparql sql sshconfig standardml stonescript swift
245
systemverilog tclegg tcl teraterm texgraph text thinbasic tsql twig
246
typoscript unicon upc urbi uscript vala vbnet vb vbscript vedit verilog
247
vhdl vim visualfoxpro visualprolog whitespace whois winbatch wolfram
248
xbasic xml xojo xorg\_conf xpp yaml z80 zxbasic//
250
There are additional [advanced
251
options](doku>syntax_highlighting) available for syntax
252
highlighting, such as highlighting lines or adding line numbers.
254
#### Downloadable Code Blocks
256
When you use the *%%%%* or *%%%%* syntax as above, you might
257
want to make the shown code available for download as well. You can do
258
this by specifying a file name after language code like this:
260
`` ``
262
\ \
264
If you don't want any highlighting but want a downloadable file,
265
specify a dash (*-*) as the language code: *%%\%%*.
267
##### Embedding HTML and PHP
269
You can embed raw HTML or PHP code into your documents by using the
270
''%%
272
273
\%%'' or *%%%%* tags. (Use uppercase tags if you need to enclose
274
block level elements.)
276
HTML example:
278
280
281
This is some inline HTML
283
284
285
And this is some block HTML
287
not setThis is some inline HTMLAnd this is some block HTMLPHP example:echo 'The PHP version: '; echo phpversion(); echo '
(generated inline HTML)'; echo '
'; echo '
'; echo '
The same, but inside a block level element: '.phpversion().'
'; ~~~echo 'The PHP version: '; echo phpversion(); echo ' (inline
HTML)'; echo '
'; echo ''; echo 'The same, but inside a block level element: '.phpversion().'
';Please Note: HTML and PHP embedding is disabled by default
in the configuration. If disabled, the code is displayed instead
of executed.
RSS/ATOM Feed Aggregation
DokuWiki can integrate data from external XML
feeds. For parsing the XML feeds,
SimplePie is used. All formats
understood by SimplePie can be used in DokuWiki as well. You can
influence the rendering by multiple additional space separated
parameters:
^ Parameter ^ Description ^ | any number | will be used as maximum
number items to show, defaults to 8 | | reverse | display the last
items in the feed first | | author | show item authors names | |
date | show item dates | | description| show the item description.
If HTML is disabled all tags will be
stripped | | nosort | do not sort the items in the feed | |
//n//[dhm] | refresh period, where d=days, h=hours, m=minutes. (e.g.
12h = 12 hours). |
The refresh period defaults to 4 hours. Any value below 10 minutes will
be treated as 10 minutes. wiki:DokuWiki will
generally try to supply a cached version of a page, obviously this is
inappropriate when the page contains dynamic external content. The
parameter tells wiki:DokuWiki to re-render
the page if it is more than //refresh period// since the page was last
rendered.
By default the feed will be sorted by date, newest items first. You can
sort it by oldest first using the reverse parameter, or display the
feed as is with nosort.
Example:
Control Macros
Some syntax influences how DokuWiki renders a page without creating any
output it self. The following control macros are availble:
^ Macro ^ Description | | %%~~NOTOC~~%% | If this macro is
found on the page, no table of contents will be created | |
%%~~NOCACHE~~%% | DokuWiki caches all output by default. Sometimes
this might not be wanted (eg. when the %%%% syntax above is used),
adding this macro will force DokuWiki to rerender a page on every call
|
Syntax Plugins
DokuWiki's syntax can be extended by
Plugins. How the installed plugins are used
is described on their appropriate description pages. The following
syntax plugins are available in this particular DokuWiki installation:
~~INFO:syntaxplugins~~